CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS

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Tyoharjoittelu Lontoo |

University : CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS - Spain
Name:	CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS
Country:	Spain
Institution:	University
Street:	c/ Serrano, 117
Postcode/City:	28006 MADRID
Phone:	91-5855000/5001/5050
Fax:	91-4113077
Web:	http://www.csic.es
CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS:Who are we The CSIC is the largest public research body in Spain We play an active role in the science policy of all the autonomous regions through our centres across Spain As a multidisciplinary body we cover all fields of knowledge from basic research through to advanced technological development We are organised into eight scientific and technical areas Humanities and Social Sciences Biology and Biomedicine Natural Resources Agricultural Sciences Physical Sciences and Technologies Chemical Sciences and Technologies Food Sciences and Technology Food Science and Technology Function Multidisciplinary scientific and technical research Scientific and technical advice Transferring results to the private sector Contributing to the creation of technology-driven companies Training specialised personnel Management of infrastructure and large facilities Promoting scientific culture The CSIC collaborates with Universities Public Research Bodies Private firms Professional associations Foundations Autonomous Regions Local Authorities Provincial Councils Figures relating to organisation and science and technology output Before the CSIC The JAE On 11 January 1907 the Council for the Extension of Studies and Scientific Research “Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas” the JAE was created by a ministerial decree signed by Amalio Gimeno Minister for Public Instruction and Fine ArtsMaqueta del CSIC The aim of this new body which inherited the principles of an independent teaching institution was to end Spain’s isolation and forge links with European science and culture It also had the mission of training the staff responsible for implementing the reforms needed in the sphere of science culture and education Thus the effort to reform and regenerate the country became a national undertaking independent of political vicissitudes and in which intellectuals of various ideologies were involved The scientific and cultural programme implemented by the JAE not only represented the most innovative project in Spain between 1907 and 1939 involving as it did the creation of laboratories and research centres the awarding of grants to study abroad etc but also brought leading Spanish thinkers and scientists into contact with those of in countries and on other continents thus opening up a new way of bringing peoples together through science and culture The JAE’s first president was Santiago Ramón y Cajal with the collaboration of José Castillejo in charge of the secretariat The JAE various goals included enabling higher studies to be pursued in Spain and abroad sending delegations to scientific conferences an overseas information service and international relations on issues concerning teaching promoting scientific research and protecting educational establishments providing secondary and higher education Santiago Ramón y Cajal en su estudio To achieve these aims the JAE ran an active programme of grants which were an essential feature of cultural and scientific development in Spain and benefited innumerable students lecturers and researchers who we awarded scholarships to work in Spain Europe and America From the outset the JAEimplemented an ambitious policy to promote the setting up of various research centres and laboratories throughout Spain These included the Centre for Historical Studies “Centro de Estudios Históricos” in Madrid 1910 directed by Ramón Menéndez Pidal the “Residencia de Estudiantes” and the National Insititute of Physcial and Natural Sciences “Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Físico-Naturales” founded in 1910 under the presidency of Cajal with the help of Blas Cabrera which grouped together existing institutions such as the National Natural Sciences Museum “Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales” the Anthropologial Museum “Museo Antropológico” the Botanical Gardens “Jardín Botánico” and the Santander Biological Station “Estación Biológica de Santander” and which had various commissions and laboratories such as the biological research laboratory physical research laboratory the Guadarrama Mountain Biology Station “Estación Alpina de Biología de Guadarrama” the Galician Biological Mission “Misión Biológica de Galicia” the Palentological and Prehistoric Research Commission “Comisión de Investigaciones Paleontológicas y Prehistóricas” the School of Mathematics “Seminario Matemático” and the Residencia’s laboratories of chemistry physiology and bacteriology etc Doctors biologists chemists historians philologists men and women of science and the arts who were trained at the institutions created by the JAE and who were given the task of implementing the programme to breathe new life into Spanish science and culture Santiago Ramón y Cajal Ignacio Bolívar José Castillejo Luis Simarro Juan Negrín Pío del Río-Hortega Antonio de Zulueta Severo Ochoa Julio Rey Pastor Francisco Durán i Reinals Blas Cabrera Leonardo Torres Quevedo José Casares Gil José Fernández-Nonídez Cruz Gallastegui Federico de Onís Ramón Menéndez Pidal María de Maeztu Tomás Navarro Tomás Américo Castro Antonio García Solalinde Samuel Gili Gaya Rafael Altamira are just some of the people who took part in this enterprise Ejemplar de la revista Ciencia Then in the midst of the Spanish Civil War on 19 May 1938 the JAE was closed down its laboratories and centres were closed and many of its scientists set out on the road to exile The war had even caught some of them abroad and they never returned Others decided to leave everything behind and flee Yet others stayed on in Spain America and various European countries opened their doors to these scientists and intellectuals and contacts had existed with some of them before the war had started Many of those who fled the war were able to reconstruct Spanish science and culture in exile Some of these scientists closely linked to the “Casa de España” in Mexico would be go on to found the journal that reunited the diaspora of Spanish scientists Ciencia Revista hispano-americana de Ciencias puras y aplicadas” Science Hispano-American Journal of Pure and Applied Science The first issue of the journal was published on 1 March 1940 under the direction of Ignacio Bolívar Urrutia The three chief editors were Cándido Bolívar Pieltain Isaac Costero and Francisco Giral In 1939 out of the JAE laboratories premises and centres Franco’s newly installed regime created the Spanish National Research Council “Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas” under the presidency of the Minister for Education José Ibáñez Martín with the close collaboration of José María Albareda who was appointed secretary general of the CSIC The Law passed on 24 November 1939 creating the CSIC laid down that“all the centres belonging to the dissolved Council for the Extension of Studies and Scientific Research JAE the Foundation for Scientific Research and Reform Trials and those created by the Spanish Institute would become part of the Spanish National Research Council

Tyoharjoittelu Lontoo |